{"abstracts":[{"sha1":"96440f7532c1ac720f55a3bed14fc5d69fe9b58a","content":"AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that nutritional manipulation of the commensal gut microbiota (GM) may play a key role in maintaining animal health and production in an era of reduced antimicrobial usage. Gastrointestinal helminth infections impose a considerable burden on animal performance, and recent studies suggest that infection may substantially alter the composition and function of the GM. Here, we discuss the potential interactions between different bioactive dietary components (prebiotics, probiotics and phytonutrients) and helminth infection on the GM in livestock. A number of recent studies suggest that host diet can strongly influence the nature of the helminth-GM interaction. Nutritional manipulation of the GM may thus impact helminth infection, and conversely infection may also influence how the GM responds to dietary interventions. Moreover, a dynamic interaction exists between helminths, the GM, intestinal immune responses, and inflammation. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying the diet-GM-helminth axis will likely inform future helminth control strategies, as well as having implications for how health-promoting feed additives, such as probiotics, can play a role in sustainable animal production.","mimetype":"application/xml+jats"}],"refs":[{"index":0,"extra":{"authors":["PK Thornton"],"doi":"10.1098/rstb.2010.0134","issue":"1554","unstructured":"Thornton PK. Livestock production: recent trends, future prospects. Philosophical Trans Royal Soc London B. 2010;365(1554):2853–67.","volume":"365"},"key":"2752_CR1","year":2010,"container_name":"Philosophical Trans Royal Soc London B","locator":"2853"},{"index":1,"extra":{"authors":["S Kumari"],"doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136135","unstructured":"Kumari S, Fagodiya RK, Hiloidhari M, Dahiya RP, Kumar A. Methane production and estimation from livestock husbandry: A mechanistic understanding and emerging mitigation options. Sci Total Environ. 2020;709:136135.","volume":"709"},"key":"2752_CR2","year":2020,"container_name":"Sci Total Environ","locator":"136135"},{"index":2,"extra":{"authors":["ER Morgan"],"doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2018.10.006","unstructured":"Morgan ER, Aziz N-AA, Blanchard A, Charlier J, Charvet C, Claerebout E, Geldhof P, Greer AW, Hertzberg H, Hodgkinson J, et al. 100 Questions in Livestock Helminthology Research. Trends Parasitol. 2019;35(1):52–71.","volume":"35"},"key":"2752_CR3","year":2019,"container_name":"Trends Parasitol","locator":"52"},{"index":3,"extra":{"authors":["LJ Broom"],"doi":"10.1017/s1466252318000026","unstructured":"Broom LJ, Kogut MH. Gut immunity: its development and reasons and opportunities for modulation in monogastric production animals. Animal Health Res Rev. 2018;19(1):46–52.","volume":"19"},"key":"2752_CR4","year":2018,"container_name":"Animal Health Res Rev","locator":"46"},{"index":4,"extra":{"authors":["X Xiong"],"doi":"10.3389/fvets.2019.00046","unstructured":"Xiong X, Tan B, Song M, Ji P, Kim K, Yin Y, Liu Y. Nutritional Intervention for the Intestinal Development and Health of Weaned Pigs. Front Vet Sci. 2019;6:46."},"key":"2752_CR5","year":2019,"container_name":"Front Vet Sci","locator":"46"},{"index":5,"extra":{"authors":["JM Blander"],"doi":"10.1038/ni.3780","unstructured":"Blander JM, Longman RS, Iliev ID, Sonnenberg GF, Artis D. Regulation of inflammation by microbiota interactions with the host. Nat Immunol. 2017;18(8):851–60.","volume":"18"},"key":"2752_CR6","year":2017,"container_name":"Nat Immunol","locator":"851"},{"index":6,"extra":{"authors":["T Ma"],"doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.004","unstructured":"Ma T, Suzuki Y, Guan LL. Dissect the mode of action of probiotics in affecting host-microbial interactions and immunity in food producing animals. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018;205:35–48.","volume":"205"},"key":"2752_CR7","year":2018,"container_name":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol","locator":"35"},{"index":7,"extra":{"authors":["N Sharma"],"doi":"10.3382/ps/pez422","issue":"12","unstructured":"Sharma N, Hunt PW, Hine BC, Ruhnke I. The impacts of Ascaridia galli on performance, health, and immune responses of laying hens: new insights into an old problem. Poultry Science. 2019;98(12):6517–26.","volume":"98"},"key":"2752_CR8","year":2019,"container_name":"Poultry Science","locator":"6517"},{"index":8,"extra":{"authors":["J Charlier"],"doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105103","unstructured":"Charlier J, Rinaldi L, Musella V, Ploeger HW, Chartier C, Vineer HR, Hinney B, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G, Băcescu B, Mickiewicz M, et al. Initial assessment of the economic burden of major parasitic helminth infections to the ruminant livestock industry in Europe. Prev Vet Med. 2020;182:105103.","volume":"182"},"key":"2752_CR9","year":2020,"container_name":"Prev Vet Med","locator":"105103"},{"index":9,"extra":{"authors":["J Vlaminck"],"doi":"10.1017/s0031182014000328","issue":"14","unstructured":"Vlaminck J, Levecke B, Vercruysse J, Geldhof P. Advances in the diagnosis of Ascaris suum infections in pigs and their possible applications in humans. Parasitology. 2014;141(14):1904–11.","volume":"141"},"key":"2752_CR10","year":2014,"container_name":"Parasitology","locator":"1904"},{"index":10,"extra":{"authors":["J Charlier"],"doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2014.04.009","unstructured":"Charlier J, van der Voort M, Kenyon F, Skuce P, Vercruysse J. Chasing helminths and their economic impact on farmed ruminants. Trends Parasitol. 2014;30(7):361–7.","volume":"30"},"key":"2752_CR11","year":2014,"container_name":"Trends Parasitol","locator":"361"},{"index":11,"extra":{"authors":["LE Peachey"],"doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2017.04.004","unstructured":"Peachey LE, Jenkins TP. Cantacessi C: This Gut Ain't Big Enough for Both of Us. Or Is It? Helminth–Microbiota Interactions in Veterinary Species. Trends Parasitol. 2017;33(8):619–32.","volume":"33"},"key":"2752_CR12","year":2017,"container_name":"Trends Parasitol","locator":"619"},{"index":12,"extra":{"authors":["J Charlier"],"doi":"10.1111/tbed.12707","issue":"S1","unstructured":"Charlier J, Thamsborg SM, Bartley DJ, Skuce PJ, Kenyon F, Geurden T, Hoste H, Williams AR, Sotiraki S, Höglund J, et al. Mind the gaps in research on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of farmed ruminants and pigs. Transboundary Emerg Dis. 2018;65(S1):217–34.","volume":"65"},"key":"2752_CR13","year":2018,"container_name":"Transboundary Emerg Dis","locator":"217"},{"index":13,"extra":{"authors":["J Charlier"],"unstructured":"Charlier J, Höglund J, Morgan ER, Geldhof P, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E. Biology and Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Cattle. Vet Clinics North America. 2020;36(1):1–15.","volume":"36"},"key":"2752_CR14","year":2020,"container_name":"Vet Clinics North America"},{"index":14,"extra":{"authors":["NC Sangster"],"doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2018.05.001","unstructured":"Sangster NC, Cowling A, Woodgate RG. Ten Events That Defined Anthelmintic Resistance Research. Trends Parasitol. 2018;34(7):553–63.","volume":"34"},"key":"2752_CR15","year":2018,"container_name":"Trends Parasitol","locator":"553"},{"index":15,"extra":{"authors":["A Raza"],"doi":"10.1017/s0031182018001786","unstructured":"Raza A, Qamar AG, Hayat K, Ashraf S, Williams AR. Anthelmintic resistance and novel control options in equine gastrointestinal nematodes. Parasitology. 2018;146(4):425–37.","volume":"146"},"key":"2752_CR16","year":2018,"container_name":"Parasitology","locator":"425"},{"index":16,"extra":{"authors":["A Roepstorff"],"doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.029","issue":"1–2","unstructured":"Roepstorff A, Mejer H, Nejsum P, Thamsborg SM. Helminth parasites in pigs: New challenges in pig production and current research highlights. Veterinary Parasitology. 2011;180(1–2):72–81.","volume":"180"},"key":"2752_CR17","year":2011,"container_name":"Veterinary Parasitology","locator":"72"},{"index":17,"extra":{"authors":["J Vlaminck"],"doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.04.012","unstructured":"Vlaminck J, Düsseldorf S, Heres L, Geldhof P. Serological examination of fattening pigs reveals associations between Ascaris suum, lung pathogens and technical performance parameters. Veterinary Parasitology. 2015;210(3):151–8.","volume":"210"},"key":"2752_CR18","year":2015,"container_name":"Veterinary Parasitology","locator":"151"},{"index":18,"extra":{"authors":["J Haugegaard"],"doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.10.009","issue":"1–2","unstructured":"Haugegaard J. Prevalence of nematodes in Danish industrialized sow farms with loose housed sows in dynamic groups. Veterinary Parasitology. 2010;168(1–2):156–9.","volume":"168"},"key":"2752_CR19","year":2010,"container_name":"Veterinary Parasitology","locator":"156"},{"index":19,"extra":{"authors":["D Thienpont"],"doi":"10.1136/vr.110.22.517","issue":"22","unstructured":"Thienpont D, Vanparijs O, Hermans L, De Roose P. Treatment of Trichuris suis infections in pigs with flubendazole. 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Vaccine. 2009;27(37):5161–9.","volume":"27"},"key":"2752_CR26","year":2009,"container_name":"Vaccine","locator":"5161"},{"index":26,"extra":{"authors":["A Cortés"],"doi":"10.1016/j.molbiopara.2019.111222","unstructured":"Cortés A, Peachey L, Scotti R, Jenkins TP, Cantacessi C. Helminth-microbiota cross-talk – A journey through the vertebrate digestive system. Mole Biochem Parasitol. 2019;233:111222.","volume":"233"},"key":"2752_CR27","year":2019,"container_name":"Mole Biochem Parasitol","locator":"111222"},{"index":27,"extra":{"authors":["SC Lee"],"doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0002880","unstructured":"Lee SC, Tang MS, Lim YAL, Choy SH, Kurtz ZD, Cox LM, Gundra UM, Cho I, Bonneau R, Blaser MJ, et al. Helminth Colonization Is Associated with Increased Diversity of the Gut Microbiota. 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